This year, 2023, represents the 101st anniversary of Emile Licent and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin’s discovery of a child’s fossilized incisor at Erdos, Inner Mongolia: The first human fossil from China. Since the turn of the 21st century, paleoanthropology in China has made tremendous advances, both in the discovery of new human fossils and in the use of sophisticated analytical tools in geological, paleontological, and systematic studies.